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Morpheme
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units of linguistic morphology
   
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''English example:''
The word "unbelievable" has three morphemes "un-", (negatory) a bound morpheme, "-believe-" a free morpheme, and "-able". "un-" is also a Prefix , "-able" is a Suffix . Both are Affixes .


TYPES OF MORPHEMES

  • Free morphemes like ''town'', ''dog'' can appear with other Lexeme s (as in ''town hall'' or ''dog house'') or they can stand alone, or "free". Allomorphs are variants of a morpheme, e.g. the plural marker in English is sometimes realized as /-z/, /-s/ or /-/.

  • Bound morphemes like "un-" appear only together with other morphemes to form a lexeme. Bound morphemes in general tend to be prefixes and suffixes. Morphemes existing in only one bound form are known as "cranberry" morphemes, from the "cran" in that very word.

  • Inflectional morphemes modify a word's tense, number, aspect, and so on. (as in the ''dog'' morpheme if written with the plural marker morpheme ''s'' becomes ''dogs'').

  • Derivational morphemes can be added to a word to create (derive) another word: the addition of "-ness" to "happy," for example, to give "happiness."



REFERENCE

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